Ingredients

Ingredients

Cocoa flavanols

Description

Short description
Cocoa flavanols are bioactive compounds from cocoa beans that support circulation and vascular function.
When to take?
In the morning or before mental effort.
How to take?
With food.
Dose
500 mg flavanol extract per day.

Benefits

Circulation study: Monahan et al., 2011

Study: Randomized controlled trial; 42 participants; cocoa flavanols 80–900 mg.

Result: Findings indicate dose-dependent changes in brachial artery FMD consistent with cocoa flavanols helping support endothelial function.

Study link

Circulation study: Balzer et al., 2008

Study: Double-blind, placebo-controlled; 27 participants; 450–900 mg cocoa flavanols.

Result: Data suggest cocoa flavanols support FMD compared with placebo, helping to maintain vascular endothelial function.

Study link

Circulation study: Grassi et al., 2012

Study: Randomized trial; 30 participants; 500 mg/day flavanols for 15 days.

Result: Cocoa intake helped maintain endothelial function after a glucose challenge, as reflected by FMD, and supported vascular function versus control.

Study link

Circulation study: Schroeter et al., 2006

Study: Crossover; 21 participants; acute 900 mg cocoa flavanols.

Result: Short-term findings were consistent with supported endothelial function and FMD shortly after intake.

Study link

Circulation study: Heiss et al., 2003

Study: Intervention study; 20 participants; flavanol-rich cocoa.

Result: Results are consistent with cocoa flavanols supporting conduit artery FMD, consistent with NO-dependent vasodilation.

Study link

Circulation study: Sansone et al., 2015

Study: Randomized, controlled, double-masked; ~100 healthy adults; 450 mg cocoa flavanols twice daily for 1 month.

Result: Findings support vascular endothelial function assessed by FMD.

Study link

Circulation study: AJCN 2022

Study: 1-month randomized controlled trial comparing dietary flavanol fractions (DP1–10 vs. DP2–10).

Result: Endothelial function (FMD) was supported after intake of DP1–10 (monomer-rich, incl. (-)-epicatechin), but not after DP2–10 alone.

Study link

Vegetable capsule (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose)

Description

Short description
Vegetable capsule (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) is a plant-derived cellulose polymer used as capsule shell material.
Why necessary?
Gives capsules shape and stability, protects the contents, and enables a vegan alternative to animal gelatin.
For whom?
Suitable for vegans, vegetarians, and those who avoid animal ingredients.
Alternatives
Gelatin (animal), pullulan (fungus-derived polymer), starch-based capsule materials.